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Autism Spectrum disorders including Asperger syndrome
Background
The term Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is used to describe the group of pervasive developmental disorders characterised by abnormalities in social interaction and communication and by a restricted range of repetitive behaviour and interests. These abnormalities are a pervasive feature of the disorder i.e. usually present across many settings. It is now understood that these core difficulties can manifest in individuals with varying degrees of behavioural severity, language and intellectual abilities. The presentation can be extremely variable and therefore this group of disorders is best considered as a "spectrum".
The current prevalence of ASD is around 6 to 10 in 1,000 in younger children. Boys are more commonly affected than girls. The number of children with a diagnosis of Autism/ASD appears to be increasing. This is in part explained by increased public and professional awareness and the recognition of the broader spectrum of disorder thus encompassing more children with a range of abilities.
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