Canavan disease
Background
Canavan disease is a rare genetic, degenerative disorder of the nervous system. It is one of a group of genetic disorders called the leukodystrophies. The term leukodystrophy comes from the Greek words, 'leuko' meaning white and referring to the 'white matter' of the nervous system and 'dystrophy' meaning imperfect growth or development. In Canavan disease, there is widespread degeneration of the white matter in the brain leading to loss of sensory, motor and intellectual function.