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Vein of Galen Malformation
Background
Vein of Galen malformation (VGM) is an uncommon blood vessel disorder usually identified in childhood. It is estimated that around ten children with this condition are born in the UK each year.
Arteriovenous shunting has several potential effects. As blood usually flows faster in arteries than in veins, arteriovenous shunting means that the rate of flow in the veins is increased. This increased flow puts a strain on other organs of the body, especially the heart in young babies. Arteriovenous shunting also means that it is difficult for the veins to do their job of soaking up and circulating water from the brain. This may mean that the brain is deprived of nutrients and energy. Finally, there is a risk of bleeding from the abnormal vessels, although this is relatively low.
