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Conduct disorder and Oppositional Defiant disorder
How is it treated?
There are effective ways to treat Conduct disorder and ODD in younger children. Programmes aimed at teaching parents how to manage the difficult behaviours are effective if they provide specific behaviour management skills and they may be combined with social skills programmes for children. One example of such a well-evaluated and effective parenting programme is the Incredible Years Parenting Program, developed by Carolyn Webster Stratton. She has also developed Dinosaur School, a programme for children run in schools. The UK government has targeted services to reduce antisocial behaviour in areas of the country at most risk. Such initiatives include Sure Start programmes aimed at families with children up to the age of three years and On Track aimed at preventing antisocial behaviour in four to twelve year olds.
In contrast to parenting programmes for younger children, parenting programmes for antisocial behaviour in adolescence, on their own, have been less effective. Packages of help for the young person are usually required, involving individual, family and parenting interventions.
Parents and teachers can do a great deal to reduce negative and antisocial behaviour in children. It is important to play with children regularly in a warm, non-directive and interested way. Praise, verbal and through hugs and affectionate touches, are important to encourage positive behaviours. Instructions and commands given to children should be clear and specific. It is important to set limits and stick to these in a calm and predictable manner. These positive parenting strategies are helpful if used consistently from an early age and can help reduce antisocial behaviours in older children.
Oppositional defiant disorder
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