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Incontinentia Pigmenti

What are the symptoms?

The hallmark features of IP appear on the skin:

  • In the first months of life, abnormal redness of the skin followed by lines of blisters in all areas except the face;
  • As the blisters heal, warty areas occur on the skin of the hands and feet. In most cases these clear by six months of age;
  • Hyperpigmented (excessive brown pigmentation) streaks or whorls occurring mainly on the trunk but which fade in adolescence. These give IP its name;
  • From adolescence into adulthood, pale hairless streaks or patches.

Other features of IP include:

  • Absent, small or misshapen teeth;
  • Alopecia (baldness) or coarse, wiry dull hair;
  • Ridging or pitting of the nails;
  • Excessive formation of blood vessels in the retina of the eye.

Occasionally, seizures and learning disability occur. Life expectancy is normal.

View Background Background  |  What are the causes? View What are the causes?

Medical text written October 2005 by Contact a Family. Approved October 2005 by Dr H Stewart, Consultant Clinical Geneticist and Lead Clinician, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK. Additional ophthalmic information written March 2006 by Mr C. E. Willoughby, Consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK and Senior Lecturer in Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Belfast, UK.

 

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